Monsoon & their types:
- The word monsoon has originated from the Arabic term which means “Season”.
- India is situated in the north-east trade wind zone and these trade winds continue throughout the year
- Total amount of precipitation in Country is: 1194 mm Or total rainfall generated volume in India is: 400 mha-m
- Average rainy days in country: 130 days/year.
- Raniy day: > 2.5 mm rains during 24 hours called rainy day
The South -West monsoon:
- S. W. monsoon reach south India (in Kerala) around 1st June of every year
- It moves at average speed 30 km/hour
- It’s called as ‘Grand period’ of rainfall in India.
- It contributes around > 75 % of total rainfall in India.
South-West monsoon has two branches:
a. Arabian Sea branch:
• Contributes 770 mm/ 80 % of SW monsoon.
• This moves northward (in Delhi).
b. Bay of Bengal:
• Contributes 340 mm/about 20 % of SW monsoon.
• This move up to Assam.
2. The North-east monsoon:
- North -east monsoon is limited mostly to southern states (AP & TN).
- This monsoon is also known as retreating monsoon.
- It contributes about 15 °A of total rainfall in India
- EL Nino is a phenomenon that leads to rise in the ocean temperatures and consequent dry weather and drought
- River which utilize maximum flow:Ganga
